Tuesday, August 6, 2024

Vector Operation in R language

                   Vector Operation                                                                                 Tushar shinde                                                                                     

**creation of vector                           

                                                                      Tushar shinde  

There are number of ways  by which we can create a vector 

1]using c() function-

In R, we use c() function to create a vecdtor.

this function returns a one-dimensional array or simply vector.

 The c() function is a generic function which combines its argument.


- all arguments are restricte with a common data type which is the type of 

  the returned value.

  

There are various other ways to creat a vector in R,


which are as  follows :

 we can uussee  the c function to combine the values as a vector.

  # by default the type will be double 

EX- v1 <- c(1,2,3,4)

 cat('using c function', v1,'\n')

output:

using c funtion 1 2 3 4


2]Using the ':' operator:


We can create a vector with the help of the colon operator 

to create vector of continuous values

v2 <- 1:5

cat('using colon',v2)


3] using the seq() function -


In R, we can create a vector with the help of the seq() function.

A sequence function creates a sequence of elements as a vector.

There are also two ways in this.

The first way is to set the step size and the second method is by 

setting the length of the vector.


seq_v <- seq(1,4,length.out =6)

cat('using seq() function', seq_v, '\n')

output:

using seq() function 1 1.6 2.2 2.8 3.4 4


Seq_v2 <- seq(1,4,by = 0.5)


cat('using seq() function by', Seq_v3, '\n')

output:


using seq() function by 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4 


How th Access Elements of R Vectors?


> a <- c(1,2,3,4)

> a

[1] 1 2 3 4

> b<- c(1,2,3,6)

> b

[1] 1 2 3 6


Vector Addition:


> a+b

[1]  2  4  6 10


> v2 <- 1:5

> v2

[1] 1 2 3 4 5




2. Using cat() Function


> cat('using colon',v2)

using colon 1 2 3 4 5

> v1 <- c(1,2,3,4)

> cat('using c function', v1,'\n')

using c function 1 2 3 4 

3. Using seq() Function


> seq_v <- seq(1,4,length.out =6)

> cat('using seq() function', seq_v, '\n')

using seq() function 1 1.6 2.2 2.8 3.4 4 

> Seq_v2 <- seq(1,4,by = 0.5)

> cat('using seq() function by', Seq_v2, '\n')

using seq() function by 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 

>

> x <- 10

> abs(x) # absolute value

[1] 10

> sqrt(x) # square root

[1] 3.162278

> exp(x) # exponential transformation

[1] 22026.47

> log(x) # logarithmic transformation

[1] 2.302585

> cos(x) # cosine and other trigonometric functions

[1] -0.8390715

>


# Create a vector.


 apple <- c('red','green',"yellow")


 print(apple) # Get the class of the vector.

[1] "red" "green" "yellow"

 print(class(apple))


 [1] "character


Creating and Using Logical Index Vectors

> numbers <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

> newnum <- numbers > 35

> print(newnum)                                                                                                         Tushar shinde                                                                                                                 Tushar shinde

[1] FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE

> filtered <- numbers[newnum]

> print(filtered)

[1] 40 50


1. Numeric Indexing with Vectors


> numbers <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

> print(numbers[1])

[1] 10

> print(numbers[c(1, 3, 5)])

[1] 10 30 50


 Handling Duplicates in Vectors


vec <- c(1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6)


duplicates <- duplicated(vec)


print(duplicates)


# Output: FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE

.Using Range Indices with Vectors


# Create a numeric vector

vec <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)


# Select elements from index 2 to 4

subset_vec <- vec[2:4]

print(subset_vec)

# Output: 20 30 40


 Out-of-Order Indices with Vectors


vec <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)                                                                                       Tushar shinde  

print(vec[2,1,4,3,5])

#output 20 10 40 30 50


Creating Vectors

Using c() Function: The most common way to create a vector is by using the c() function, which combines elements into a vector.
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v <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)


Using seq() Function: For creating sequences of numbers.
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v <- seq(1, 10, by=2)  # Creates a vector: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9


  1. Using rep() Function: To repeat elements.
    R
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    v <- rep(1:3, times=3)  # Creates a vector: 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3


3. Write a program to  sorting a vector of strings in both ascending and descending order 


# Define a vector of strings

strings <- c("banana", "apple", "cherry", "date")


# Sort in ascending order

ascending_order <- sort(strings)


# Sort in descending order

descending_order <- sort(strings, decreasing = TRUE)


# Print results

cat("Ascending Order:\n")

print(ascending_order)


cat("\nDescending Order:\n")

print(descending_order)


 simple R program that reverses a number and calculates the sum of its digits.


reverse_sum <- function(n)

 { 

sum_digits <- 0

 rev <- 0 

while (n > 0) 

{

 r <- n %% 10 # Get the last digit 

sum_digits <- sum_digits + r # Add digit to sum

 rev <- rev * 10 + r # Append digit to reversed number 

n <- n %/% 10 # Remove the last digit

 } 

print(paste("Sum of digits:", sum_digits))

 print(paste("Reverse of number:", rev))

 }


# Read input from user

n <- as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter a number: "))


# Call the function with user input

reverse_sum(n)

[1] "Sum of digits: 15"

[1] "Reverse of number: 54321"


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