Operating system notes

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Question answer  

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: What is file structure?: What is the structure of a file?

A file structure is a combination of representations for data in files. It is also a collection of operations for accessing the data. It enables applications to read, write, and modify data. File structures may also help to find the data that matches certain criteria.

Define parent and child processes.

A child process is the creation of a parent process, which can be defined as the main process that creates child or subprocesses to perform certain operations. Each process can have many child processes but only one parent. A child process inherits most of its parent's attributes..

What is the difference between dot (.) and double dot (..)?

.In filesystems, we use the double dot (..) to access the parent directory, whereas the single dot (.) represents the current directory.

 What is the use of grep command

The grep command can search for a string in groups of files. When it finds a pattern that matches in more than one file, it prints the name of the file, followed by a colon, then the line matching the pattern.

What is root?

 Root is the highest permission elevation on a computer system. Root is also known as the Root User or a Super User. Root permission is typically reserved for those who are authorized to make operating system level changes.

 Explain different types of test used in shell script with an example

ans

What is vi Editor? Explain its different modes

 The Vi editor has two modes: Command and Insert. When you first open a file with Vi, you are in Command mode. Command mode means you can use keyboard keys to navigate, delete, copy, paste, and do a number of other tasks—except entering text. To enter Insert mode, press i .

What is DNS? Explain need of DNS in brief.

The Internet's DNS system works much like a phone book by managing the mapping between names and numbers. DNS servers translate requests for names into IP addresses, controlling which server an end user will reach when they type a domain name into their web browser.

Explain Linux directory commands.

Write short note on kill command ?

The kill command sends a signal (by default, the SIGTERM signal) to a running process. This default action normally stops processes. If you want to stop a process, specify the process ID (PID) in the ProcessID variable

The kill command transfers a signal towards a process in which further terminates the process. 

 Write short note on user interface.
The user interface (UI) is the point of human-computer interaction and communication in a device. This can include display screens, keyboards, a mouse and the appearance of a desktop. It is also the way through which a user interacts with an application or a website.

What are the commands in directory?

Useful Bash Commands to Manage Directories and Files

• Change Current Working Directory ( cd ) ...
• Print a List of Files and Subdirectories ( ls ) ...
• Delete a Directory ( rm -r ) ...
• Copy a File ( cp ) ...
• Copy a Directory and Its Contents ( cp -r )

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 a) Explain PS command with different options

click on ..1. 8931 7846 6. 0249 9250

2. 2423 1996 7. 9370 4272

3. 1658 1712 8. 1440 0222

4. 7615 5554 9. 3827 2179

5. 7224 4497 10. 2945 4537

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